Unexplained infertility

What is Unexplained Infertility?

Unexplained infertility is a condition where a couple faces difficulty in conceiving despite having normal test results for ovulation, sperm quality, and fallopian tube function. It affects approximately 10-20% of infertile couples and can be frustrating due to the lack of a clear medical cause.

Possible Causes of Unexplained Infertility

Even though standard fertility tests may not detect an issue, some underlying factors could contribute to unexplained infertility:

Egg Quality Issues – Some eggs may have chromosomal abnormalities, making fertilization and implantation difficult.
Sperm Function Problems – Even if sperm count and motility appear normal, some sperm may have issues with DNA integrity or fertilization ability.
Ovulation Dysfunction – Subtle hormonal imbalances may affect egg release and implantation, even if cycles seem normal.
Uterine or Endometrial Issues – A thin or unreceptive uterine lining may prevent successful implantation.
Tubal & Peritoneal Factors – Mild, undetectable blockages or fluid imbalances in the fallopian tubes can hinder fertilization.
Immunological Factors – The immune system may attack sperm or embryos, preventing successful conception.
Luteal Phase Defects – Inadequate progesterone levels can affect embryo implantation.
Lifestyle & Environmental Factors – Stress, poor diet, smoking, alcohol, or toxin exposure can affect fertility.

How is Unexplained Infertility Diagnosed?

Since standard fertility tests may not reveal a clear cause, a comprehensive evaluation is necessary:

Hormonal Testing – Measures levels of estrogen, progesterone, FSH, LH, and prolactin to assess ovarian function.
Ovarian Reserve Testing – Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count to determine egg quantity and quality.
Semen Analysis with DNA Fragmentation Test – Evaluates sperm motility, morphology, and DNA integrity.
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) – X-ray imaging to check for hidden fallopian tube blockages.
Hysteroscopy & Laparoscopy – Minimally invasive procedures to examine the uterus and pelvis for subtle abnormalities.
Endometrial Receptivity Test (ERA) – Determines the best time for embryo implantation.

Treatment Options for Unexplained Infertility

1️⃣ Lifestyle Modifications

2️⃣ Ovulation Induction with Medications

3️⃣ Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

4️⃣ In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Hormonal Stimulation – Stimulates egg production with injections.
Egg Retrieval & Fertilization – Mature eggs are retrieved and fertilized in a lab.
Embryo Transfer – The best-quality embryos are placed into the uterus.
Success Rates – IVF has a 40-50% success rate per cycle for unexplained infertility.

5️⃣ Advanced Fertility Treatments

When to See a Fertility Specialist?

If a couple has been trying to conceive for:

12 months (for women under 35) or 6 months (for women over 35) without success.
After multiple failed IUIs or ovulation induction cycles.
If there’s a history of recurrent pregnancy loss.
If underlying conditions like PCOS, endometriosis, or thyroid disorders are suspected.

Final Thoughts

Unexplained infertility can be challenging, but with advanced fertility treatments and lifestyle changes, many couples achieve successful pregnancies. At Suraksha Multi-Speciality Hospital, we offer personalized fertility treatments, expert diagnosis, and compassionate care to help you on your journey to parenthood.